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Earth and Space Sciences |
(Based on
State of Ohio
Curriculum Standards)
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1. Describe how objects in the Solar System are in regular and predictable
motions that explain such phenomena as days, years, seasons, eclipses,
tides and moon cycles. |
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Why Eclipses of the Sun Happen
This web site shows two
animations to help explain what happens during an eclipse. One animation
shows the Sun, Earth, and Moon, while the other animation shows the view
from the Earth.
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Solar System Explorer Step through the solar
system while observing the length of a year on each planet, along with
numerous other facts. The current position of all the planets is
displayed, and the user can jump forward and backward in time. Learn
about Kepler's Law, when planets will align, and why space probes are
often launched at certain times.
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Gizmos are fun, easy to use, and flexible enough to support many
different teaching styles and contexts.
You will present to your students a visual animated manipulative
allowing for an easier and faster teaching pedagogy.
You will discover this tool strategically located throughout the website |
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2. Explain that the gravitational force is the dominant force determining
motions in the Solar System and in particular keeps the planets in orbit
around the Sun. |
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Orbit Simulator
This interactive activity from
ExploreScience allows you to control up to 9 celestial objects and alter
their mass, velocity, and direction to understand the effect of gravity
on orbits.
Note: Every Gizmo in the library can be used for up to 5 minutes each
per day.
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3. Compare the orbits and composition of comets and asteroids with that of
Earth. |
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Understanding the Distribution of Near-Earth Asteroids
You
will find a paper that will explain these current findings.
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Formation
of the Solar System This is
truly
a must see power point for you to download if for nothing else to
observe the photos.
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Formation of the Solar System This is a presentation showing
it a little different.
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4. Describe the effect that
asteroids or meteoroids have when moving through space and sometimes
entering planetary atmospheres (e.g., meteor- “shooting star” and
meteorite).
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- Shooting Stars
Simple Power point covering many ideas
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Asteroids Meteroids and Comets Simple Power Point explaining
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5. Explain that the universe consists of billions of galaxies that are
classified by shape. |
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Goodard NASA Space Center Ask an Astrophysics, this
website will allow you to ask and answer a lot of questions.
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Make up of Galaxies
This presentation was designed by
and for the California Institute of technology.
Really quite good and worth
downloading.
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6. Explain interstellar distances are measured in light years (e.g., the
nearest star beyond the sun is 4.3 light years away). |
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Interstellar
distance You will find this a fascinating
presentation on this subject. This power point was created at
Harvard for their students.
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Travel through space and time. Great
Power Point showing
Lorentz contraction is the shortening of an object along
a direction of motion as speed approaches the speed of light.
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7. Examine the life cycle of a star and predict the next likely stage of a
star. |
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Imagine the Universe This Power
Point illustrates the finer parts of the Start.
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Graphic presentation You will
find a unique graphic presentation from this power point display.
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Black Hole A
game
where you try to get small masses to hit a target. This is challenging
since several "black holes" exert a gravitational force on the moving
objects.
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Star Spectra Analyze the spectra of
a variety of stars. Determine the elements that are represented in each
spectrum, and use this information to infer the temperature and
classification of the star. Look for unusual features such as
red-shifted stars, nebulas, and stars with large plan
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8. Name and describe tools used to study the universe (e.g., telescopes,
probes, satellites and spacecraft). |
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Einstein's
Universe and beyond using various tools this is a power
point that show you different venues.
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Exploration tools
to explore the universe. This power point
presentation will Illustrate many ideas.
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9. Describe the interior structure of Earth and Earth’s crust as divided
into tectonic plates riding on top of the slow moving currents of magma in
the mantle. |
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Plate Tectonics Smart board example
SB
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Plate Tectonics
This fantastic site has loads of
information on plate tectonics, including online lessons, pictures,
diagrams, labs, a dictionary, a review test, and a printable teacher
guide in Acrobat format.
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This Dynamic Earth
This web site from the USGS has
seven sections covering all aspects of plate tectonics, with great
explanations, diagrams, and pictures.
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You Try It: Plate Tectonics
This PBS website teaches all
about plate tectonics and what happens at the boundaries. There is even
a shockwave activity that allows the user to slide the plates around to
make mountains, volcanoes, trenches, and earthquakes
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10. Explain that most major geological events (e.g., earthquakes, volcanic
eruptions, hot spots and mountain building) result from plate motion. |
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Earthquakes
This fantastic site has loads of
information on earthquakes, including online lessons, pictures,
diagrams, labs, a dictionary, a review test, and a printable teacher
guide in Acrobat format.
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Volcanoes
This fantastic site has loads of
information on volcanoes, including online lessons, pictures, diagrams,
labs, a dictionary, a review test, and a printable teacher guide in
Acrobat format.
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Plate tectonics and people
This webpage from the USGS
explains the positive and negative effects of plate tectonics, such as
earthquakes, volcanoes, mountains, fertile soil, and more. This page is
part of a larger website on plate tectonics.
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11. Use models to analyze the size and shape of Earth, its surface and its
interior (e.g., globes, topographic maps, satellite images). |
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Reading Topographical Maps Understand how
topographic maps work by creating a three-dimensional landscape and
observing the corresponding contour lines. See how mountains,
depressions, valleys and cliffs are represented on topographic maps.
Fill in the landscape with water to demonstrate that contours are lines
of constant elevation.
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12. Explain that some processes involved in the rock cycle are directly
related to the thermal energy and forces in the mantle that drive plate
motions. |
- Rock Cycle You will learn by using a Smart
Board lesson SB
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Rock Cycle Play the role of a piece of rock
moving through the rock cycle. Select a starting location and follow
many possible paths throughout the cycle. Facts about each location will
be presented, along with images of particular types of rocks.
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Plate Tectonics Move
the Earth at various locations to observe the effects of the motion of
the techtonic plates, including volcanic eruptions. Information about
each of the major types of plate collisions is shown, along with the
typical location on the Earth
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13. Describe how landforms are created through a combination of
destructive (e.g., weathering and erosion) and constructive processes
(e.g., crystal deformation, volcanic eruptions and deposition of
sediment). |
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Earthquake - Determination of Epicenter Using
multiple earthquake recording stations, determine the epicenter of an
earthquake by analyzing the arrival of the primary and secondary waves
at each recording station. Real‑time charts are generated, providing
data that allows for the triangulation of the epicenter
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Plate Tectonics Move
the Earth at various locations to observe the effects of the motion of
the techtonic plates, including volcanic eruptions. Information about
each of the major types of plate collisions is shown, along with the
typical location on the Earth
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14. Explain that folding, faulting and uplifting can rearrange the rock
layers so the youngest is not always found on top. |
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15. Illustrate how the three primary types of plate boundaries (transform,
divergent and convergent) cause different landforms (e.g., mountains,
volcanoes, ocean trenches). |
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Understanding Plate Motions
This excellent webpage from the
USGS explains the three different types of plate motions and the results
of each, with great pictures and diagrams. This page is part of a larger
plate tectonics web site.
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You Try It: Plate Tectonics
This PBS website teaches all
about plate tectonics and what happens at the boundaries. There is even
a shockwave activity that allows the user to slide the plates around to
make mountains, volcanoes, trenches, and earthquakes.
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Life Sciences |
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1. Describe that asexual reproduction limits
the spread of detrimental characteristics through a species and allows for
genetic continuity. |
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Chicken Genetics Breed "pure" chickens with known
genotypes that exhibit specific feather colors, and learn how traits are
passed on via codominant genes. Chickens can be stored in cages for
future breeding, and the statistics of feather color are reported every
time the chickens breed. Punnet squares can be used to predict results.
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2. Recognize that in sexual reproduction new
combinations of traits are produced which may increase or decrease an
organism’s chances for survival. |
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Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Set the initial
percentages of three types of parrots in a population and track changes
in genotype and allele frequency through several generations. Analyze
population data to develop an understanding of the Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium. Determine how initial allele percentages will affect the
equilibrium state of the population.
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3. Explain how variations in structure,
behavior or physiology allow some organisms to enhance their reproductive
success and survival in a particular environment. |
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Effect of Temperature on Gender
Determine the gender of birds and geckos as they hatch in an incubation
chamber. Control the temperature of the chamber, and record data to
determine if the temperature has an affect on the gender of either
species.
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Rabbit Population by Season Observe the
population of rabbits in an environment over many years. The land
available to the rabbits can be adjusted, as well as the weather
conditions, in order to compare the effects of urban sprawl and unusual
weather on wildlife populations.
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Seed Germination Perform experiments with several
seed types to see what conditions yield the highest germination
(sprouting) rate. Three different types of seeds can be studied, and the
temperature, water and light in the germination chamber can be
controlled. No two trials will have the same result, so repeated trials
and data analysis can be used.
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4. Explain that diversity of species is
developed through gradual processes over many generations (e.g., fossil
record). |
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Mouse Genetics (Fur Color) Breed "pure" mice with
known genotypes that exhibit specific fur colors, and learn how traits
are passed on via dominant and recessive genes. Mice can be stored in
cages for future breeding, and the statistics of fur color are reported
every time a pair of mice breed. Punnet squares can be used to predict
results.
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Mouse Breeding Breed "pure" mice with known
genotypes that exhibit specific fur and eye colors, and learn how traits
are passed on via dominant and recessive genes. Mice can be stored in
cages for future breeding, and the statistics of fur and eye color are
reported every time a pair of mice breed. Punnet squares can be used to
predict results.
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Mouse Genetics An introduction to mouse
genetics where the basics of probability and statistics are presented
before you choose which mice to breed for multiple generations.
Determine the genetics that control the fur and eye color of the
offspring.
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Virtual
Skeleton This is another
outstanding website that will allow you to see the human body.
A Must see website. 4 Star
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5. Investigate how an organism adapted to a
particular environment may become extinct if the environment, as shown by
the fossil record, changes. |
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Building DNA Construct a DNA molecule,
examine its double helix structure, and then go through the DNA
replication process. Learn how each component fits into a DNA molecule,
and see how a unique, self-replicating code can be created.
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Human Karyotyping
Sort and pair the images of human chromosomes obtained in a scan. Find
differences in the scans of the various patients to find out specific
things that can cause disease, as well as the gender of the person.
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Physical Sciences |
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1. Describe how the change in the position
(motion) of an object is always judged and described in comparison to a
reference point. |
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Vectors Manipulate the magnitude and
direction of two vectors to generate a sum and learn vector addition.
The x and y components can be displayed, along with the dot product of
the two vectors.
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2. Explain that motion describes the change
in the position of an object (characterized by a speed and direction) as
time changes. |
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Atwood Machine Measure the height and velocity of
two objects connected by a mass-less rope over a pulley. Observe the
forces acting on each mass throughout the simulation. Calculate the
acceleration of the objects, and relate these calculations to Newton’s
Laws of Motion. The mass of each object can be manipulated, as well as
the mass and radius of the pulley.
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Torque and Moment of Inertia One of the
simplest machines is a see-saw lever. Place up to eight objects on the
lever at different locations and try to balance it. Calculate net torque
and moment of inertia based on the positions of the objects and the mass
of the bar. The mass of each object can be changed, and the fulcrum
position can be shifted as well.
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Freefall Laboratory Investigate the motion of a
ball, including terminal velocity, as it is dropped to the ground.
Several different objects can be dropped through various media from
different initial heights as the position, velocity, and acceleration
are measured
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3. Explain that an unbalanced force acting on
an object changes that object’s speed and/or direction. |
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2D Collisions
This interactive activity from
Explore Science lets you deal with 2D elastic/inelastic collisions on a
flat (or tilted) table and even use magnetic pucks! You can adjust a
wide variety of parameters including mass, initial velocity, and
direction.
Note: Every Gizmo in the library can be used for up to 5 minutes each
per day.
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Air Track
This interactive activity from
Explore Science models a basic air track with two blocks. You can change
the coefficient of restitution, initial masses, and velocities.
Note: Every Gizmo in the library can be used for up to 5 minutes each
per day.
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Roller Coaster Physics Adjust the hills on a
toy‑car roller coaster and watch what happens as the car careens toward
an egg (that can be broken) at the end of the track. The height of three
hills can be manipulated, along with the mass of the car and the
friction of the track. A graph of various variables of motion can be
viewed as the car travels, including potential, kinetic, and total
energies, and the x and y components of position, velocity, and
acceleration.
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4. Demonstrate that waves transfer energy. |
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Energy of a Pendulum Perform experiments with a
pendulum to gain an understanding of energy conservation in simple
harmonic motion. The gravity, length and mass of the pendulum can be
adjusted, as well as the initial starting angle of the pendulum. Data
(tables, bar chart, and graphs) of the potential and kinetic energies
are shown as the pendulum oscillates.
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5. Demonstrate that vibrations in materials
may produce waves that spread away from the source in all directions
(e.g., earthquake waves, sound waves). |
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Seeing sound waves
This interactive web site helps
students understand the principles of sound waves by watching virtual
hands clapping. Content-specific vocabulary is both labeled and spoken.
After watching and listening to the example, drag your mouse over the
graphics to discover more.
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What is Sound?
This interactive web site uses
great animations to explain how sound travels as a wave through air
molecules. After the explanation you can listen to various sounds at
different frequencies.
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Science and Technology |
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1. Examine how science and technology have
advanced through the contributions of many different people, cultures and
times in history. |
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Examine how science and technology have advanced by
Andrea Trivisonno
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2. Examine how choices regarding the use of
technology are influenced by constraints caused by various unavoidable
factors (e.g., geographic location, limited resources, social, political
and economic considerations). |
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3. Design and build a product or create a
solution to a problem given more than two constraints (e.g., limits of
cost and time for design and production, supply of materials and
environmental effects). |
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4. Evaluate the overall effectiveness of a
product design or solution. |
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Scientific
Inquiry |
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1. Choose the appropriate tools or
instruments and use relevant safety procedures to complete scientific
investigations. |
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Fire Extinguisher Training
Module from Oklahoma State
University offering a guided tutorial and quiz over the proper use of
fire extinguishers. Ideal for safety training for the Science or
Vocational lab.
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2. Describe the concepts of sample size and
control and explain how these affect scientific investigations. |
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3. Read, construct and interpret data in
various forms produced by self and others in both written and oral form
(e.g., tables, charts, maps, graphs, diagrams, symbols). |
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4. Apply appropriate math skills to interpret
quantitative data (e.g., mean, median, mode). |
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Scientific Ways of
Knowing |
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1. Identify the difference between
description (e.g., observation and summary) and explanation (e.g.,
inference, prediction, significance, importance). |
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2. Explain why it is important to examine
data objectively and not let bias affect observations. |
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